Recyclability Grade Definition
Recyclability grade (recyclability performance grade) is the A, B or C rating that the EU Packaging and Packaging Waste Regulation (PPWR) gives packaging based on how much of its weight can be recycled. Grade A is the best. Packaging that falls below grade C counts as not recyclable and, from 2030, cannot be sold in the EU.
What do the grades mean?
- Grade A: at least 95% of the packaging's weight is recyclable
- Grade B: at least 80% is recyclable
- Grade C: at least 70% is recyclable
In simplified terms, a 100 g pack whose recyclable parts weigh 85 g would land in grade B. Each packaging unit is assessed against design-for-recycling criteria for its packaging category, such as glass, PET bottles or paper. Some industry sources mention grades D and E, but the PPWR only defines grades A to C.
Why does the grade matter?
The grade decides whether packaging can be sold in the EU at all, and the minimum rises over time:
- From 2030, packaging must reach at least grade C. If the detailed criteria arrive late, this deadline moves back.
- From 2035, packaging must also be recycled at scale, meaning it is actually collected and recycled across the EU, not just recyclable in theory.
- From 2038, packaging must reach at least grade B.
The grade also affects costs, because extended producer responsibility (EPR) fees will be tiered by grade. Better-graded packaging pays less.
How does a business find and improve its grade?
- List components and weights. Grades are calculated by weight, so record the material and weight of every part of each pack, including the body, closure, labels, adhesives and inks.
- Estimate the grade now. The official criteria are still being finalized. In the meantime, established industry recyclability guidelines and certification schemes give a reliable estimate.
- Store the grade with the packaging record. Keep the grade, assessment method, date and evidence as a regulatory attribute on each packaging version. This makes it available for technical documentation, the Declaration of Conformity and EPR reporting.
- Prioritize improvements. Start with packs below grade C, then grade C packs, which must improve before 2038. High-volume packs come next, since a better grade there saves the most in fees.
- Reassess regularly. Repeat the assessment when the official criteria are published, when the packaging changes, and when the recycled-at-scale requirement is added in 2035.
